【特约专稿】

表面增强拉曼光谱技术在中药分析中的应用

陈萱^1a,2，欧书欣^1a，谢亮³，刘岩^1a，章弘扬^1b，江?t²，付建军^*2，张敏^*1a

（1. 华东理工大学 a.药学院，b.化学与分子工程学院，上海  200237；2. 君恒医药（上海）有限公司，上海  200241；3. 江西百神药业股份有限公司  农业农村部赣产中药质量安全监测重点实验室，江西 宜春  336000）

摘要：中药化学成分复杂且基质干扰严重，传统分析方法在快速筛查与现场检测中存在灵敏度不足、前处理繁琐、贵重仪器依赖度高等局限。表面增强拉曼光谱（Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy，SERS）技术基于贵金属纳米结构的局域表面等离子体共振效应，可实现对痕量分子的信号增强与“指纹”识别，兼具高灵敏度、高特异性、快速无损、水相友好及易于便携化集成等优势，为中药复杂体系的质量分析提供了新的技术途径。系统综述了SERS在中药分析中的增强机制、方法特点及数据处理策略，重点阐述了其在中药鉴别、检查、含量测定及整体特征等方面的应用进展。同时，探讨了SERS与色谱、质谱等方法联用的互补策略及其在中药生产全程质量监控中的潜力。随着SERS基底制备技术的不断成熟、标准化方法的建立以及光谱数据库的日益完善，表面增强拉曼光谱技术有望在中药质量控制中发挥更重要的作用。进一步推动该技术与过程分析技术和人工智能算法的融合，将为实现从药材源头到成品制剂的全链条、实时、智能质量监控提供有力工具，从而助力中药质量的提升与产业现代化发展。

关键词：表面增强拉曼光谱；中药分析；快速检测；质量控制；质量监测

中图分类号：O657.3   文献标识码：A            文章编号：0258-3283（2026）--

DOI：10.13822/j.cnki.hxsj.2026.0023

Application of Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy in the Analysis of Traditional Chinese Medicines CHEN Xuan^1a,2, OU Shu-xin^1a, XIE Liang³, LIU Yan^1a, ZHANG Hong-yang^1b, JIANG Xuan², FU Jian-jun^*2, ZHANG Min ^*1a (1a. School of Pharmacy, 1b. School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; 2. Veritas Medicine (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200241, China; 3. Key Laboratory for Quality & Safety Monitoring of Jiangxi TCM, MARA, Jiangxi Baishen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Yichun 336000, China)

Abstract: The chemical composition of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) is complex and is often susceptible to matrix interference. Traditional analytical methods are limited by their insufficient sensitivity, cumbersome sample preparation procedures, and high reliance on expensive equipment, which render them less suitable for the rapid screening and on-site detection of TCMs. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), based on the localized surface plasmon resonance effect of noble metal nanostructures, can significantly enhance the signals of trace molecules and provide “fingerprint” identification. It combines the advantages of high sensitivity, strong specificity, rapid and non-destructive analysis, good compatibility with aqueous systems, and easy integration into portable platforms, thereby providing a new technical approach for the quality analysis of complex TCM systems. This review systematically summarized the enhancement mechanisms, methodological features, and data processing strategies of SERS in TCM analyses, focusing on the progress in the identification, inspection, content determination, and holistic characterization of TCMs. Complementary strategies that combine SERS with chromatography, mass spectrometry, and chemometric methods were also discussed, along with their potential for quality monitoring throughout the TCM production process. With the continuous advancement of the SERS substrate preparation technology, establishment of standardized methods, and improvement of spectral databases, SERS was expected to play an increasingly important role in controlling the quality of TCMs. Further integration of this technology with process analytical technologies and artificial intelligence algorithms will provide a powerful tool for realizing whole-chain, real-time, and intelligent quality monitoring of samples ranging from herbal materials to finished preparations, thereby contributing to enhanced TCM quality and the modernization of the TCM industry.

Key words：surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy; traditional Chinese medicine analysis; rapid detection; quality control; quality monitoring

 alkaline hydrolysis; lignin; cellulose

【电化学与新能源】

碳纳米管增强纳米硫酸铁钠正极材料性能

斯庆苏都，刘德新，邓建学，朱正伟，高艳，问研良^*，洪明子^*

（鄂尔多斯实验室，内蒙古自治区鄂尔多斯 017010）

摘要：钠离子电池正极材料聚阴离子型硫酸铁钠(Na₂Fe(SO₄)₂)具有理论容量高和结构稳定的优点，但较低的本征电子电导率限制了其电化学性能与规模化应用。为改善其导电性，提出通过引入高导电性的碳纳米管(CNTs)，构建三维连续导电网络，以提升材料的电化学性能。采用溶胶-凝胶法结合高温煅烧的两步合成策略制备纯相Na₂Fe(SO₄)₂。通过超声辅助液相混合及后续处理工艺，将CNTs均匀附着于Na₂Fe(SO₄)₂颗粒表面，形成Na₂Fe(SO₄)₂/CNTs复合材料。XRD分析表明复合材料仍保持纯相Na₂Fe(SO₄)₂结构，CNTs未改变其物相纯度。Na₂Fe(SO₄)₂/CNTs复合材料通过CNTs的引入，显著提升了电子传输能力和结构稳定性，通过循环后的SEM测试表明CNTs网络缓解充放电过程中的体积应力，从而维持了颗粒的完整性，并且大幅改善电化学性能。电导率测试显示复合材料电导率提升至10^-3 S/cm量级，较纯相材料提高至少3个数量级。电化学测试表明，纯相材料初始放电比容量仅为67.06 mAh/g，而复合材料首圈容量提升至78.73 mAh/g，并表现出优异倍率性能（5 C下容量67.31 mAh/g）和长循环稳定性（在2~4.5 V电压窗口循环100圈后容量保持率达78.7%）。

关键词：钠离子电池；正极材料；硫酸铁钠；碳纳米管；电化学性能 

中图分类号：O64，TB331      文献标识码：A       文章编号：0258-3283（2026）--

DOI：10.13822/j.cnki.hxsj.2026.0035

Carbon Nanotube-Enhanced Performance of Sodium Iron Sulfate Nanocathode Materials SI Qing-su-du, LIU De-xin, DENG Jian-xue, ZHU Zheng-wei, GAO Yan, WEN Yan-liang^*, HONG Ming-zi^* (Ordos lab, Ordos 017010, China)

Abstract：Polyanionic sodium iron sulfate (Na₂Fe(SO₄)₂) cathode material for sodium-ion batteries offers advantages of high theoretical capacity and structural stability. However, its low intrinsic electronic conductivity limits both electrochemical performance and large-scale application. To enhance conductivity, we propose constructing a three-dimensional continuous conductive network by incorporating highly conductive carbon nanotubes (CNTs), thereby improving the material’s electrochemical performance. A two-step synthesis strategy combining sol-gel preparation with high-temperature calcination was employed to synthesize pure-phase Na₂Fe(SO₄)₂. Through ultrasonic-assisted liquid-phase mixing and subsequent processing, CNTs were uniformly attached to the surface of Na₂Fe(SO₄)₂ particles, forming Na₂Fe(SO₄)₂/CNTs composites. XRD analysis indicates that the composite material retains the pure-phase Na₂Fe(SO₄)₂ structure, with CNTs not altering its phase purity. The incorporation of CNTs into the Na₂Fe(SO₄)₂/CNTs composite significantly enhances its electronic conductivity and structural stability. SEM analysis following cycling demonstrates that the CNTs network alleviates volumetric stress during charging and discharging, thereby preserving particle integrity and substantially improving electrochemical performance.Conductivity testing shows the composite material's conductivity enhanced to the 10^-3 S/cm range, representing at least a three-order-of-magnitude improvement over the pure-phase material. Electrochemical testing revealed that the initial discharge specific capacity of the pure-phase material was only 67.06 mAh/g, whereas the composite material achieve a first-cycle capacity of 78.73 mAh/g, demonstrating excellent rate capability (67.31 mAh/g at 5 C) and long-term cycling stability (78.7% capacity retention after 100 cycles within the 2~4.5 V voltage window).

Key words：sodium-ion battery; cathode material; sodium iron sulfate; carbon nanotubes; electrochemical performance

【化学品与环境】

气相色谱法同时测定土壤中脂肪烃与芳香烃含量

周健，梁静^*，罗雨薇，刘永

(国检测试控股集团京诚检测有限公司，广东 广州  510000)

摘要：为建立土壤中脂肪烃与芳香烃的同步气相色谱分析方法，系统考察了土壤样品基质中的脂肪烃和芳香烃分离纯化过程中，压力、填料种类、洗脱溶剂类型等关键影响因素，并探究了样品基质对优化后分析方法检测结果的干扰效应，明确了该方法在土壤样品实际检测中的可行性。实验称取10 g冻干土壤样品，采用加压流体萃取法进行萃取，经净化除杂、浓缩处理后获得净化液；选取硅胶小柱作为分离柱，先以正己烷为洗脱溶剂收集脂肪烃组分，再加入二氯甲烷继续洗脱得到芳香烃组分，将两组分分别浓缩、定容、过滤后，采用GC-FID进行定性定量分析。结果表明，石油烃经硅酸镁柱净化后，在常压条件下选用SPE硅胶小柱作为分离柱，以正己烷、二氯甲烷依次梯度洗脱，可实现脂肪烃与芳香烃的高效分离纯化，且方法受样品基质干扰较小。基质加标试验结果回收率范围为80.9%~95.3%，相对标准偏差范围为1.11%~11.2%，该方法优化了土壤中两类烃类化合物的前处理流程与分离参数，操作简便、分离效果良好，为土壤环境中脂肪烃和芳香烃的精准检测提供了可靠的技术支撑，适用于土壤烃类污染监测与风险评估工作。

关键词：气相色谱法；脂肪烃；芳香烃；石油烃；分离纯化

中图分类号：O657.7；X833     文献标识码：A      文章编号：0258-3283（2026）--

DOI：10.13822/j.cnki.hxsj.2025.0299

Simultaneous Determination of Aliphatic and Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Soil by Gas Chromatography  ZHOU Jian, LIANG Jing^*, LUO Yu-wei，LIU Yong  (Guojian Testing Holding Group Jingcheng Testing Co., Ltd.,Guangzhou 510000, China )

Abstract: To establish a synchronous gas chromatographic analysis method for aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons in soil, the effects of key factors, such as pressure, packing material, and elution solvent, on the separation and purification of these hydrocarbons in the soil matrix were systematically investigated. In addition, the interference effect of the sample matrix on the detection results of the optimized analytical method was evaluated, thereby confirming the feasibility of the proposed method for the analysis of actual soil samples. In the experiment, 10 g of a freeze-dried soil sample was subjected to pressurized fluid extraction. A purified solution was obtained after purification, impurity removal, and concentration steps. A silica gel column was used for separation. First, n-hexane was used as the elution solvent to collect the aliphatic hydrocarbon fraction, and dichloromethane was then added to continue elution and obtain the aromatic hydrocarbon fraction. The two fractions were separately concentrated, diluted to a fixed volume, filtered, and subjected to qualitative and quantitative analyses by GC-FID. The results indicate that after purification of petroleum hydrocarbons with magnesium silicate columns, efficient separation and purification of aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons can be achieved under atmospheric pressure using SPE silica gel cartridges as the separation column and sequential elution with n-hexane and dichloromethane in a gradient mode; this method is less affected by sample matrix interference. The recovery percentage derived from the results of the matrix spike test ranged from 80.9% to 95.3%, and the relative standard deviation ranged from 1.11% to 11.2%. The proposed GC-FID analytical method optimizes the pretreatment process and separation parameters for the two types of hydrocarbon compounds in soil. Overall, the method is simple to operate, has a good separation effect, and provides reliable technical support for the accurate detection of aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons in soil. This analytical method applies to soil hydrocarbon pollution monitoring and risk assessment.

Key words: gas chromatography; aliphatic hydrocarbons; aromatic hydrocarbons; petroleum hydrocarbons; separation and purification

气质多反应监测在西宁市果蔬农残检测中的应用

李玉环，马春光^*，王怡，李增明^*，甘瑛琳，杨增亮，张敏

（西宁市疾病预防控制中心，青海西宁 810000）

摘要：建立基质固相分散技术及气相色谱-质谱联用仪多反应监测（MRM）模式在西宁市当地蔬菜、水果中前处理技术和检测技术的方法并评估其应用效果，明确该技术组合的实用性与可靠性，并建立西宁市当地蔬菜、水果中农药残留的高效检测方法，提升农产品质量安全监管水平。研究以西宁市五区两县主流农贸市场、商超的多品类果蔬为研究对象，采用基质固相分散技术处理样品，结合MRM模式建立了13种农药残留的检测方法。方法在0～5mg/kg浓度范围内线性关系良好（相关系数R²为0.9983～0.9996），检出限、定量限分别为0.003～0.05、0.009～0.15 μg/kg，加标浓度50、100 μg/L时，回收率分别达82.88%～96.74%、81.27%～97.72%，精密度分别为1.24%～4.72%、3.05%～6.92%，各项性能指标均符合农药残留检测技术规范，具备高灵敏度、高准确性和良好稳定性的优势。方法操作简便、检测高效，可有效适配西宁市多品类果蔬的13种农药残留检测，成功填补了青藏高原地区相关检测技术空白，为当地农产品质量安全监管提供了可靠的技术支撑。但该方法仅涉及13种农残，仍存在检测农药种类有限、且缺少高浓度点的回收、精密度等的数据分析，有待后续研究进一步完善。

关键词：农药残留；气质联用；多反应监测；蔬菜；水果

中图分类号：O65     文献标识码：A      文章编号：0258-3283（2026）--

DOI：10.13822/j.cnki.hxsj.2026.0002

Multiple Reaction Monitoring for Detecting Pesticide Residues in Vegetables and Fruits from Xining City LI Yu-huan, MA Chun-guang^*, WANG Yi, LI Zeng-ming^*, GAN Ying-lin, YANG Zeng-liang, ZHANG Min (Xining City Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xining 810000, China)

Abstract: A method for pretreating and detecting pesticide residues in vegetables and fruits acquired from Xining City was established by leveraging matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD) combined with gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) in the multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. The applicability, practicality, and reliability of this combined technique were evaluated, with the ultimate objective of enhancing the quality and safety supervision of agricultural products. Common vegetable and fruit samples (including leafy, root, stem, and berry types) were collected from major farmers’ markets and supermarkets across the five districts and two counties of Xining. After MSPD treatment, the extracts were analyzed using GC-MS/MS in the MRM mode to determine the levels of 13 pesticide residues. The detection range was 0～5 mg/kg. The proposed method demonstrated good linearity, with correlation coefficients between 0.9983 and 0.9996. The limits of detection ranged from 0.003 to 0.05 µg/kg, and the limits of quantification ranged from 0.009 to 0.15 µg/kg. At spiked concentrations of 50 and 100 µg/L, the recovery rates were 82.88%～96.74% and 81.27%～97.72%. The corresponding precision values, expressed as relative standard deviations, were 1.24%～4.72% and 3.05%～6.92%. The MSPD technique simplifies sample preparation, reduces organic solvent consumption, and lowers environmental impact and cost. The GC-MS/MS method in the MRM mode offers high specificity, eliminates matrix interference, and improves sensitivity and accuracy. Overall, this combined approach demonstrates significant advantages for large-scale screening of pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables in Xining. It offers enhanced detection efficiency and reliable results, providing strong technical support for ensuring the quality and safety supervision of local agricultural products.

Keywords: pesticide residues; gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry; multiple reaction monitoring; vegetables; fruits

【分析与测试】

ICP-AES法测定铸铝合金全元素的溶样优化与准确度验证

张亮亮^*1，袁琪¹，李娅娟²，谢培均¹

（1. 中航金属材料理化检测科技有限公司，陕西 西安 710000；2. 西部超导材料科技股份有限公司，陕西 西安 710000；3. 中航金属材料理化检测科技有限公司，贵州 安顺 561000）

摘要：针对铸铝合金（低硅Si<0.50%、高硅Si:4.0%~10.0%）全元素精准分析的需求，聚焦高硅体系溶样难题与多元素检测干扰控制，通过系统优化前处理条件、仪器参数及干扰消除方法，建立了高效可靠的ICP-AES分析技术。实验明确两类合金最优方案：低硅铸铝合金以0.10 g为称样量，采用15 mL（6mol/L）盐酸 在70℃溶解；高硅铸铝合金以0.05 g为称样量，通过5 mL体积分数50%硝酸 与1 mL氢氟酸混合体系实现完全溶解，有效规避硅元素损失与胶体膜生成问题。通过基体匹配校准抵消铝基体效应，优化分析线选择与酸度控制消除光谱及化学干扰，构建的校准曲线对Si、Fe、Cu、Mn、Ti、Zr、Ni、Sb、Co、Mg、Pb、Sn、Zn、Be等14种目标元素的线性相关系数R²≥0.995，检出限低至0.001~0.012 mg/L。准确度验证显示，低硅与高硅铸铝合金标准样品的测定值与标准值高度吻合，相对标准偏差（RSD）分别介于0.197%~3.26%和0.19%~4.87%之间。方法简化了前处理流程，突破了高硅铸铝合金全元素同步检测的技术瓶颈，兼顾准确性与实用性，为铸铝合金质量控制及成分溯源提供了全面的技术支撑。

关键词：铸铝合金；ICP-AES；全元素检测；溶样优化；基体匹配；准确度验证

中图分类号：O657.31      文献标识码：A      文章编号：0258-3283（2026）--

DOI：10.13822/j.cnki.hxsj.2025.0111

Optimization of Sample Dissolution and Accuracy Verification for Multi-Element Determination in Cast Aluminum Alloy by ICP-AES ZHANG Liang-liang^*1, YUAN Qi¹, LI Ya-juan², XIE Pei-jun¹ (1. AVIC Metal Test Technology Co., Ltd., Xi'an 710000, China; 2. Western Superconducting Technologies Co., Ltd., Xi'an 710000, China; 3. AVIC Metal Test Technology Co., Ltd., Anshun 561000, China)

Abstract: To address the need for accurate full-element analysis of cast aluminum alloys, including low-silicon (Si<0.50%) and high-silicon (4.0%~10.0% Si) systems, this study focused on overcoming sample dissolution challenges in high-silicon alloys and minimizing multi-element interference during detection. An efficient and reliable ICP-AES method was developed through systematic optimization of sample pretreatment procedures, instrumental parameters, and interference control strategies. Experimental optimization established the following protocols: for low-silicon cast aluminum alloys, 0.10 g of sample was dissolved in 15 mL of 6 mol/L hydrochloric acid at 70 ℃; for high-silicon cast aluminum alloys, 0.05 g of sample was completely dissolved using a mixed acid system consisting of 5 mL of volume fraction 50% nitric acid and 1 mL of hydrofluoric acid. This approach effectively prevented silicon loss and avoided colloidal film formation. Matrix effects from the aluminum base were compensated using matrix-matched calibration, while spectral and chemical interferences were minimized through optimized analytical line selection and acidity control. The calibration curves for 14 target elements (Si, Fe, Cu, Mn, Ti, Zr, Ni, Sb, Co, Mg, Pb, Sn, Zn, and Be) demonstrated excellent linearity (R²≥0.995), with limits of detection ranging from 0.001 to 0.012 mg/L. Accuracy validation showed strong agreement between measured and certified values for both low- and high-silicon reference materials; the relative standard deviations ranged from 0.197% to 3.26% and 0.19% to 4.87%, respectively. The proposed method simplifies sample pretreatment, overcomes key technical challenges in simultaneous full-element determination of high-silicon cast aluminum alloys, and achieves s balance between analytical accuracy and practical applicability. It provides robust technical support for quality control and compositional traceability of cast aluminum alloys.

Key words: cast aluminum alloy; ICP-AES; full-element detection; sample dissolution optimization; matrix-matched calibration; accuracy validation

基于UPLC-Q-Exactive-Orbitrap-MS技术分析丹黄膏的

化学成分

赵胜^*，王力欣，余青青，夏进，郑炯，杨利，赵美，张波

（仁怀市中医院 代谢内分泌科  贵州  仁怀  564500）

摘要：采用超高效液相色谱-四极杆-静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱（UPLC-Q-Exactive-Orbitrap-MS）技术对丹黄膏的化学成分进行快速的定性鉴别。色谱采用Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 C₁₈色谱柱，以0.1%甲酸-水溶液（A相）和甲醇（B相）为流动相，流速0.3 mL/min、柱温40℃和进样量2 μL；质谱采用电喷雾离子源（ESI），在正、负离子模式下进行全扫描/数据依赖二级扫描 （Full MS/dd-MS²）。将采集得到的化合物的保留时间、准分子离子、特征碎片离子与文献报道的化合物或对照品进行比对，对丹黄膏的化学成分进行快速定性鉴别。共鉴定172个化合物，包括倍半萜类48个、黄酮类32个、醌类24个、苯丙素类15个、有机酸类14个、糖类9个、苯酞类7个、氨基酸类5个及其他成分18个。UPLC-Q-Exactive-Orbitrap-MS技术可快速定性鉴别丹黄膏的化学成分，该结果为丹黄膏进一步的药效物质基础、作用机制及产品质量控制研究供参考依据。

关键词：超高效液相色谱-四极杆-静电场轨道阱质谱法；丹黄膏；化学成分；倍半萜类；醌类；裂解途径

中图分类号：O657，R282      文献标识码: A      文章编号：0258-3283（2026）--

DOI: 10.13822/j.cnki.hxsj.2025.0320

Identification of Chemical Constituents in Danhuang Ointment Based on UPLC-Q-Exactive-Orbitrap-MS ZHAO Sheng^*, WANG Li-xin, YU Qing-qing, XIA Jin, ZHENG Jiong, YANG Li, ZHAO Mei, ZHANG Bo (Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Renhuai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Renhuai 564500, China)

Abstract: Rapid qualitative identification of the chemical constituents of Danhuang Ointment was performed using UPLC-Q-Exactive-Orbitrap-MS. Chromatographic separation was carried out on a Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 C₁₈ column using 0.1% formic acid-water solution (phase A) and methanol (phase B) as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 0.3 mL/min with a column temperature of 40 °C, and an injection volume of 2 μL. Mass spectrometry was performed using an electrospray ionization (ESI) source in both positive and negative ion modes for full-mass scanning/data-dependent secondary scanning (Full MS/dd-MS²). The retention times, quasi-molecular ions, and characteristic fragment ions of the compounds obtained from the analysis were compared with those reported in the literature and with the reference standards for rapid qualitative identification of the chemical constituents in Danhuang Ointment. A total of 172 compounds were identified, including 48 sesquiterpenoids, 32 flavonoids, 24 quinones, 15 phenylpropanoids, 14 organic acids, nine saccharides, seven phthalides, 5 amino acids, and 18 other compounds. The UPLC-Q-Exactive-Orbitrap-MS technique enabled rapid qualitative identification of the chemical constituents of Danhuang Ointment. These results provide reference information for further research on the pharmacodynamic material basis, mechanisms of action, and quality control of Danhuang Ointment.  

Key words: UPLC-Q-Exactive-Orbitrap-MS; Danhuang Ointment; chemical constituents; sesquiterpenoids; quinones; fragmentation pathways

基于DTNB法的还原型谷胱甘肽检测试剂优化研究

孙鑫，夏云豪，臧荣斌，王永旗，吕明，卢洪庆^*

(太仓沪试试剂有限公司，江苏苏州  215421)

摘要：谷胱甘肽（GSH）是一种含活性巯基的内源性三肽，在机体抗氧化防御与细胞代谢调控中具有关键作用，其含量可通过Ellman试剂与巯基的特异性反应进行测定。在适宜条件下，该反应生成黄色产物2-硝基-5-巯基苯甲酸（TNB^-），其在412 nm波长处具有特征吸收峰，吸光度值与样品中GSH的浓度呈正比关系。本研究利用GSH与DTNB的特异性反应，在优化实验条件的基础上，测定反应产物在412 nm波长处的吸光度值，并通过标准曲线法对样品中的GSH含量进行定量分析。在优化的实验条件下，GSH浓度在3.125～800 μg/mL范围内与吸光度值呈现良好的线性关系（R² = 0.9999），方法的检出限（LOD）为2.400 μg/mL；相对标准偏差（RSD）≤5%，加标回收率在95%～105%之间。所建立的还原型谷胱甘肽检测试剂灵敏度高、重复性好、准确度高，基于该方法研制的谷胱甘肽检测试剂操作简便快捷，为相关样本中还原型谷胱甘肽的定量分析提供了可靠的检测手段。

关键词：谷胱甘肽；DTNB法；分光光度法；检测限；回收率

中图分类号：O65    文献标识码：A      文章编号：0258-3283（2026）--

DOI：10.13822/j.cnki.hxsj.2026.0030

Reagent Optimization for Reduced Glutathione Determination Based on the DTNB Method

SUN Xin, XIA Yun-hao, ZANG Rong-bin, WANG Yong-qi, LV Ming, LU Hong-qing^* (Taicang Hushi Reagent Co., Ltd., Suzhou 215421, China)

Abstract： Glutathione (GSH) is an endogenous tripeptide containing an active sulfhydryl group, playing a crucial role in the body's antioxidant defense and cellular metabolism regulation. Its content can be determined through the specific reaction between Ellman’s reagent and thiol groups. Under appropriate conditions, this reaction yields a yellow product, 2-nitro-5-mercaptobenzoic acid (TNB^-), which exhibits a characteristic absorption peak at 412 nm, and the absorbance value is proportional to the concentration of GSH in the sample. Based on the specific reaction between glutathione and DTNB, the absorbance of the reaction product was measured at a wavelength of 412 nm under optimized experimental conditions. The GSH content in the samples was quantitatively analyzed using the standard curve method. Under the optimized experimental conditions, the GSH concentration exhibited a good linear relationship with the absorbance value within the range of 3.125 to 800 μg/mL (R² = 0.9999). The limit of detection (LOD) of the method was 2.400 μg/mL. The relative standard deviation (RSD) was ≤5%, and the spiked recovery rates ranged from 95% to 105%. The established DTNB method demonstrates high sensitivity, good reproducibility, and high accuracy. The glutathione detection reagent developed based on this method is simple and rapid to operate, providing a reliable means for the quantitative analysis of reduced glutathione in relevant samples.

Key words: glutathione; DTNB method; spectrophotometry; limit of detection; recovery