特约专题

纳米乳液制备、表征及多领域应用的研究进展

赵婧宇^a，王星滟²，刘雪怡^1a，王悦^1b，郝旖^1b，高瑞霞^*1a

(1.西安交通大学 a.化学学院，b.药学院，陕西 西安  710049；2. 浙江方圆检测集团股份有限公司，浙江 杭州  310018)

摘要：纳米乳液作为一种较为稳定的多相分散系统，粒径范围在1~500 nm之间，由极性相（通常为水）、非极性相（通常为油）、表面活性剂及助表面活性剂构成。凭借其独特的纳米级粒径、透明/半透明的外观、高比表面积等物理性能优势，使其在药物递送、食品保鲜和开发及能源高效利用等先进工业领域展现出不可替代的应用潜力，成为当前材料科学与应用技术交叉研究的前沿方向。结合近5年Web of Science、CNKI等权威数据库的国内外相关文献，从原理到优、缺点及应用场景，详细归纳总结了纳米乳液的多种低能乳化、高能乳化制备方法。同时，从物理性质、化学结构、载药量与包封率、稳定性等方面全方位介绍了目前常见的关于纳米乳液表征分析手段，构建了纳米乳液多尺度表征技术框架，进一步完善了纳米乳液多尺度表征技术体系，为性能优化提供理论支撑。最后,在应用层面，纳米乳液的跨领域潜力已得到初步验证，展现出可观的经济价值，就医药、食品、能源领域的应用进行了深度分析与展望。旨在为纳米乳液的进一步发展和最终工业化应用提供参考。

关键词：纳米乳液；高能乳化法；低能乳化法；药物递送；食品保鲜；油田采收

中图分类号：O69                    文献标识码：A                    文章编号：0258-3283（2025）

DOI：10.13822/j.cnki.hxsj.2025.0159

Research Advances in Preparation, Characterization and Multi-disciplinary Applications of Nanoemulsions ZHAO Jing-yu^1a,WANG Xing-yan², LIU Xue-yi^1a, WANG Yue^1b, HAO Yi^1b, GAO Rui-xia^*1a(1a.School of Chemistry, Xi’an Jiaotong University, 1b. School of Pharmacy, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China; 2. Zhejiang Fangyuan Testing Group Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310018, China) 

Abstract：Nanoemulsions, as a relatively stable multiphase dispersion system with particle sizes ranging from 1 to 500 nm, are composed of a polar phase (usually water), a non-polar phase (usually oil), surfactants, and co-surfactants. With their unique nanoscale particle sizes, transparent or semitransparent appearance, high specific surface area, and other advantageous physical properties, they show irreplaceable application potentials in advanced industrial fields such as drug delivery, functional food development, and efficient energy utilization, and have become a frontier of the current research at the intersection of materials science and applied technology. Based on domestic and international literature from authoritative databases such as Web of Science and CNKI over the past five years, this study summarized in detail a variety of low-energy and high-energy emulsification methods for nanoemulsions, covering their principles, advantages, disadvantages, and application scenarios. In addition, we introduced the common characterization methods of nanoemulsions in terms of physical properties, chemical structure, drug loading and encapsulation rate, stability, and more., and propose a technical framework for multi-scale characterization to further improve the characterization system and provide theoretical support for the performance optimization. Finally, at the application level, the cross-field potential of nanoemulsions has been preliminarily verified, showing considerable economic value. In-depth analyses and outlooks for applications in medicine, food, and energy are also presented. The work aimed to provide a reference for the further development and enventual industrialization of nanoemulsions.

Key words：nanoemulsions; high-energy emulsification; low-energy emulsification; drug delivery; food preservation; oilfield recovery

双金属多孔石墨烯复合材料用于环丙沙星的吸附

王瑜，张宁^1,2，邱洪灯¹，王超³，陈佳^*1

(1. 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所，甘肃兰州  730000；2. 中核战略规划研究总院，北京  100048；3. 新疆工程学院，新疆乌鲁木齐  830000)

摘要：环丙沙星（Ciprofloxacin, CIP）是在水环境中经常检测到的一种广泛使用的氟喹诺酮类抗生素，代表了一组新兴的污染物，未经节制的使用和未加规范的排放，使得相关物质在食物链中形成循环，并推动了耐药性的广泛传播，这不仅危害社会环境，还严重威胁人类健康，这使得研究者们不断探索有效的去除技术。多孔石墨烯（Porous graphene, PG）在吸附分离等应用中展现出良好的性能，如高比表面积和可调孔径，但其反应位点单一、产率偏低和疏水性过强等不足影响了其实际应用潜力。基于简便的局部燃烧策略，开发了一种具有磁性的双金属氮硫共掺杂多孔石墨烯（Fe/Ni-N/S-PG）材料，用于环境水样中CIP的去除。由于硫酸铵引入氮硫元素改善了材料的分散性和孔隙结构。与未掺杂材料Fe/Ni-PG相比，Fe/Ni-N/S-PG对CIP的吸附量提升至（q_e=94.83 mg/g）。吸附机理研究表明，静电相互作用、孔隙填充效应和π-π电子供体-受体相互作用是主要驱动力。热力学分析表明该吸附过程为自发放热的可逆过程，符合Freundlich等温模型和准二级动力学模型。该材料展现出良好的循环稳定性，5次循环后仍保持83.94%的初始吸附量，在实际水样处理中实现了84.99%~95.15%的去除率。

关键词：双金属多孔石墨烯；复合材料；环丙沙星；吸附；机理

中图分类号：O647.3           文献标识码：A            文章编号：0258-3283（2025）

DOI：10.13822/j.cnki.hxsj.2025.0134

Bimetallic Porous Graphene Composite Material for Adsorption of Ciprofloxacin  WANG Yu¹, ZHANG Ning^1,2, QIU Hong-deng¹, WANG Chao³, CHEN Jia^*1 (1. Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; 2. China Institute of Nuclear Industry Strategy, Beijing 100048, China; 3. Xinjiang Institute of Engineering, Urumqi 830000, China)

Abstract：Ciprofloxacin (CIP), a widely used fluoroquinolone antibiotic frequently detected in aquatic environments, represents a class of emerging contaminants. Its unregulated use and improper disposal have led to its circulation within the food chain and have significantly contributed to the proliferation of antimicrobial resistance. This not only poses a threat to the ecosystems but also presents serious risks to human health, prompting increasing research into effective removal strategies. Porous graphene (PG) has demonstrated good performance in applications such as adsorption and separation, such as high specific surface area and tuable pore structure. However, limitations including single reaction site, low yield and excessive hydrophobicity restict its practical application potential.In this study, a magnetic bimetallic nitrogen-sulfur co-doped porous graphene (Fe/Ni-N/S-PG) material was developed via on a simple localized combustion strategy for the removal of CIP from environmental water samples. The introduction of nitrogen and sulfur elements via ammonium sulfate significantly improved the material's dispersion and pore structure. Compared with the undoped material Fe/Ni-PG, the adsorption capacity of Fe/Ni-N/S-PG for CIP was increased to 94.83 mg/g. Mechanistic studies have revealed that electrostatic attraction, pore-filling mechanism, and π-π electron donor-acceptor (EDA) interactions were the primary driving forces behind the adsorption. Thermodynamic analysis revealed that the adsorption process was spontaneously, exothermic, and reversible, in accordance and it followd the Freundlich isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic model.The material showed good cyclic stability, maintaining 83.94%of its initial adsorption capacity after 5 cycles, and achieved a removal rate of 84.99-95.15% in the actual water sample samples.

Key words：bimetal porous graphene; composite material; ciprofloxacin; adsorption; mechanism

定性分析性能评估：从传统模型到非靶向分析

姚欢¹，张伟¹，黄挺^*1，冉朝明¹，吴华鑫²

(1. 中国计量科学研究院化学计量与分析科学研究所，北京  100029；2. 北京化工大学 化学学院，北京  100029) 

摘要：定性化学分析在环境监测、食品安全、临床诊断等领域发挥着关键作用。根据定性判别方式不同，定性化学分析可分为基于定性标准的定性分析和基于定量标准的定性分析。根据研究体系不同，定性化学分析又可分为传统靶向定性分析和非靶向定性分析。随着分析技术的发展，对分析性能和不确定度的评估变得越来越重要。全面综述了定性化学分析方法验证与不确定度评估的量化参数，详细介绍了贝叶斯定理、似然率、置信区间等统计模型及其在定性分析性能评估中的应用实例，并探讨了通过方法验证和质量控制降低不确定度的有效途径。此外，重点关注了非靶向定性分析领域，分析了非靶向定性分析中常用的高维数据降维、层次聚类分析等机器学习算法的适用性，探讨了这些算法可能引入的不确定度来源，并总结了机器学习模型的评估指标，以及非靶向定性分析结果可靠性的评估方法，如交叉验证、混淆矩阵等。通过对传统模型和非靶向分析方法的系统梳理，揭示定性化学分析性能评估的关键要素以及在实际应用中综合考虑多种评估指标的重要性，从而为定性化学分析性能评估在非靶向分析等新兴领域的拓展应用及定性标准物质的研制提供支持。

关键词：定性化学分析；方法验证；不确定度评估；非靶向分析；机器学习

中图分类号：O65            文献标识码：A              文章编号：0258-3283（2025）

DOI：10.13822/j.cnki.hxsj.2025.0090

Performance Evaluation of Qualitative Analysis: From Traditional Models to Non-targeted Analysis YAO Huan¹, ZHANG Wei¹, HUANG Ting^*1, RAN Zhao-ming¹, WU Hua-xin² (1. Division of Chemical Metrology and Analytical Science, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing 100029, China; 2. College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China) 

Abstract：Qualitative chemical analysis plays a critical role in fields such as environmental monitoring, food safety, and clinical diagnosis. Depending on the identification methods, qualitative analysis can be classified into standard-based qualitative analysis and quantitative standard-based qualitative analysis. Moreover, based on the research context, it can also be categorized into traditional targeted qualitative analysis and non-targeted qualitative analysis. With the advances in analytical technologies, evaluating analytical performance and uncertainty has become increasingly important. This paper reviews quantitative parameters used in method validation and uncertainty assessment for qualitative chemical analysis. It details statistical models such as Bayes' theorem, likelihood ratios, and confidence intervals, highlighting their application in evaluating qualitative analysis performance. Furthermore, effective strategies to reduce uncertainty through method validation and quality control are discussed. Special attention is given to non-targeted qualitative analysis, where the applicability of machine learning algorithms such as high-dimensional data reduction and hierarchical cluster is examined. Potential sources of uncertainty introduced by these algorithms are analyzed, alongside a summary of evaluation metrics for machine learning models and the reliability assessment methods of non-targeted qualitative analysis results, such as cross-validation and confusion matrices. By systematically reviewing both traditional models and non-targeted analysis methods, this study identifies key factors in performance evaluation and underscores the importance of integrating multiple evaluation metrics in practical applications. The insights provided support for expanding the application of qualitative chemical analysis performance evaluation into emerging fields like non-targeted analysis.

Key words：qualitative chemical analysis；method validation；uncertainty assessment；non-targeted analysis；machine learning

综述与专论

近五年分子印迹膜的制备及其药学领域的应用

张海文，崔婷婷，周焕焕，韩晓燕^*，张毅^*

（天津中医药大学  中药学院，天津 300193）

摘要：由生物学中的“抗原-抗体”特异性识别机制启发，分子印迹技术（Molecular Imprinting Technology, MIT）的概念应运而生。该技术通过构建类“钥匙-锁”识别位点的聚合物网络，使材料具备媲美生物抗体的高亲和性、耐酸碱、耐高温的优异稳定性，以及可通过模板分子设计调控的选择性识别功能，这些特性使其迅速成为功能材料领域的研究前沿，在分离科学、分析检测、生物医学等领域展现出独特优势。近年来，随着MIT的逐步成熟，研究者通过纳米结构工程、多重模板策略等创新方法，进一步突破了传统材料的性能瓶颈，显著提升了识别效率与响应灵敏度。其中，将膜分离技术(Membrane Separation Technology)与MIT深度融合形成的分子印迹膜（Molecularly Imprinted Membranes, MIMs），因兼具分子印迹材料的精准识别能力与膜分离技术的高通量传质特性，成为当前研究热点。这种新型功能材料在保持高选择性的同时，通过膜孔道结构优化实现了目标分子的高效分离与富集，为复杂体系的精准分析提供了全新解决方案。围绕MIMs展开系统阐述，从概念溯源、发展历程中的关键技术突破，到结构组成与制备方法的创新演进，再到识别作用机理的理论解析，最终聚焦其在药学领域（如中药活性成分分离、药物残留检测）的应用探索，为该技术的进一步发展与实际转化提供参考。

关键词：分子印迹；膜分离技术；分子印迹膜；药物传输；纳米结构

中图分类号：O631.2              文献标识码：A            文章编号：0258-3283（2025）

DOI：10.13822/j.cnki.hxsj.2025.0147

Preparation and Pharmaceutical Applications of Molecularly Imprinted Membranes in the Past Five Years  ZHANG Hai-wen, CUI Ting-ting, ZHOU Huan-huan, HAN Xiao-yan^*, ZHANG-Yi^* (College of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193,China)

Abstract：Inspired by the "antigen-antibody" specific recognition mechanism in biology, the concept of Molecular Imprinting Technology (MIT) has emerged. This technology constructs polymer networks with "key-lock"-like recognition sites, endowing the resulting materials with excellent properties such as high affinity comparable to that of biological antibodies, resistance to acids and alkalis, and high-temperature stability. Furthermore, the selective recognition capabilities can be finely regulated by designing appropriate template molecules. Owing to these advantages, MIT has become research forefront in the field of functional materials, showcasing distinct advantages in separation science, analytical detection, biomedicine, and other related areas. In recent years, with the progressive maturation of MIT, researchers have adopted innovative strategies such as nanostructure engineering and multi-template approaches to further overcome the performance limitations of traditional materials, thereby significantly enhancing recognition efficiency and response sensitivity. Among these advancements, molecularly imprinted membranes (Molecularly Imprinted Membranes, MIMs), a synergistic integration of MIT with Membrane Separation Technology, have become a focal point of current research. MIMs combine the molecular recognition precision of MIT with the high mass-transfer efficiency of membrane processes. This novel functional material not only maintains high selectivity but also enables the efficient separation and enrichment of target molecules via the optimization of the membrane pore structure. Consequently, it provided a new approach for the precise analysis of complex systems. This review comprehensively discussed the development of MIMs over the fast five years, from their conceptual origin and key technological breakthroughs o recent innovations in structural design and fabrication techniques. The theoretical mechanisms of molecular recognition were also analyzed, with a particular focus on pharmaceutical applications such as the separation of active ingredients in traditional Chinese medicine and the detection of drug residues. The aim is to offer valuable references for the further development and practical translation of this technology.

Key words: molecular imprinting; membrane separation technology; molecularly imprinted membrane; drug delivery; nanostructure

锆基金属有机框架的合成与应用研究进展

蔡放¹，苏晓昀²，黄伟平²，袁博²，刘金长²，赖娟²，江仁望^*2

（1. 国家知识产权局专利局专利审查协作广东中心，广东 广州  510700；2. 暨南大学药学院，广东广州  511436）

摘要：系统梳理了锆基金属有机框架(MOF)的最新研究进展，阐明其合成-结构-应用的构效关系，总结功能化设计策略，并评估其在多领域应用中的潜力与挑战。系统查阅了国内外文献，并进行归纳总结。在合成方面，详细分析了有机配体的几何构型、调制酸种类及溶剂性质等关键因素对MOF结构的影响；介绍了溶剂热法、微波辅助法、机械化学法等不同合成方法的优劣。在功能化方面，深入讨论了合成后修饰、溶剂辅助配体掺入等策略在引入特定功能基团方面的应用。在应用方面，讨论了锆基MOF在固定化酶、晶体海绵、药物输送、分子检测以及催化方面的应用。MOF材料在近年迅速发展，锆基MOF作为其中的重要一类，具有高稳定性、结构可调性、丰富的功能性等优势，已成为材料科学领域的研究热点。锆基MOF凭借其可调结构、高稳定性和多功能性，在催化、生物医药及环境修复领域展现出巨大潜力。未来研究需聚焦于绿色合成工艺、智能响应材料（如光/pH触发释放）及工业级应用验证，以推动其应用于实际场景。

关键词：金属有机框架；锆；结构；合成；应用；研究进展

中图分类号：O641.4          文献标识码：A            文章编号：0258-3283（202*）

DOI：10.13822/j.cnki.hxsj.2025.0163

Syntheses and Applications of Zr-based Metal Organic Framework  CAI Fang¹, SU Xiao-yun², HUANG Wei-ping², YUAN Bo², LIU Jing-chang², LAI Juan², JIANG Ren-wang^*2 (1. Examination cooperation Guangdong center of the state patent office, Guangzhou, 510700; 2. The College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511436)

Abstract: This article systematically reviews the latest research progress of zirconium-based metal-organic frameworks (MOF), clarifies the structure-function relationships among synthesis, structure, and application, summarizes functional design strategies, and evaluates their potential and challenges in multi-field applications. A systematic review of domestic and international literature was conducted. In terms of synthesis, the influence of key factors such as the geometric configuration of organic ligands, the type of modulating acids, and solvent properties on MOF structure is analyzed in detail; the advantages and disadvantages of different synthesis methods, such as solvothermal, microwave-assisted, and mechanochemical are introduced. In terms of functionalization, the use of post-synthesis modification and solvent-assisted ligand incorporation strategies to introduce specific functional groups is discussed in depth. In terms of application, zirconium-based MOFs have been studied in enzyme immobilization, crystal sponges, drug delivery, molecular detection, and catalysis. MOF materials have advanced rapidly in recent years. Zirconium-based MOF, as an important category, possess advantages such as high stability, structure tunability, and rich functionality, and have become a research hotspot in materials science. With their tunable structure, high stability, and multifunctionality, zirconium-based MOFs show great potential in catalysis, biomedicine, and environmental remediation. Future research should focus on green synthesis, intelligent responsive materials (such as light/pH-triggered release), and industrial-scale application to promote their practical scenarios.

Key words: metal-organic framework; zirconium; structure; synthesis; application; research progress

钴配合物催化乙烯基单体自由基聚合研究进展

张志超，马江方，韩双^*

(沈阳化工大学理学院，辽宁沈阳  110142) 

摘要：自由基聚合是广泛使用的高分子合成方法，具有反应条件温和、聚合速度快、适用单体范围广等优点。然而，链转移和链终止等反应导致传统自由基聚合生成聚合物的分子量分布较宽，物理性能不够均匀等问题。二价钴配合物能够捕捉碳自由基生成三价有机钴配合物，并在适当的条件下发生三价钴-碳键的均裂重新生成碳自由基继续引发聚合。利用这一可逆反应，通过调节配合物的配体结构和空间立体构型，钴配合物可以通过可逆终止机理或退化链转移机理介导极性乙烯基单体的可控自由基聚合。详细介绍了过去十年间的钴配合物介导的极性乙烯基单体如醋酸乙烯酯、丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酰胺等自由基聚合的研究进展。根据钴配合物的结构特点和催化活性中心的形成机制，详细分析了聚合反应的机理、动力学行为以及聚合物的结构与性能调控，对配合物构型对聚合反应的影响做了总结与归纳。最后，对钴配合物介导的自由基聚合存在的问题进行了分析，旨在为钴配合物介导的自由基聚合的进一步发展提供参考。

关键词：钴配合物；自由基聚合；乙烯基单体；醋酸乙烯酯；丙烯酸甲酯

中图分类号：O63   文献标识码：A             文章编号：0258-3283（2025）

DOI：10.13822/j.cnki.hxsj.2025.0143

Recent Progress on Cobalt Mediated Radical Polymerization of Vinyl Monomers ZHANG Zhi-chao, MA Jiang-fang, HAN Shuang (School of Science, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang, 110142, China) 

Abstract：Radical polymerization is widely used for polymer synthesis, featuring mild conditions, rapid polymerization rates, and a broad range of monomers. However, conventional radical polymerization often results in polymers with broad molecular weight distribution and non-uniform physical properties due to chain transfer and termination reactions. Divalent cobalt complexes can capture carbon radicals to form trivalent organocobalt complexes, which may undergo homolytic cleavage of the Co(III)−C bond under appropriate conditions to regenerate carbon radicals and continue the polymerization process. Using this reversible reaction and by tuning the ligand structure and steric configuration, cobalt complexes can mediate radical polymerization of polar vinyl monomers through reversible termination mechanism and/or degenerative chain transfer mechanism in a controlled fashion. The article reviewed the latest progress over the past decade in cobalt mediated radical polymerization of polar vinyl monomers, such as vinyl acetate, methyl acrylate, and acrylamide. Based on the structural features of the cobalt complexes and the formation of catalytic active species, the polymerization mechanisms, kinetic behavior, and the regulation of polymer structure and properties are presented in detail. Finally, current challenges in cobalt mediated radical polymerization are discussed, aiming to provide references for further development in this research area.

Key words：cobalt complex; free radical polymerization; vinyl monomer; vinyl acetate; methyl acrylate

全/多氟烷基化合物的传感检测研究进展

闭朝龙，张晓，梁凤英，杜艳青，朱晓伟，白文明^*，额尔敦^*

(内蒙古医科大学 药学院，内蒙古呼和浩特  010100)

摘要：全/多氟烷基化合物（PFAS），是一类人工合成的含氟有机化合物，其物理化学性质非常稳定，在自然环境中难以通过光解、水解或生物代谢等途径降解。PFAS具有较大毒性，会对环境造成持久性危害，同时还具有生物蓄积性，在人体内积累到一定含量后将降低人体免疫力，造成肝损伤和肾损伤，甚至会导致甲状腺癌和肾癌等。据报道，因PFAS的广泛应用，在全球范围内的空气、土壤、水体、动植物，甚至人体内均可被检测到。因此，建立快速有效的分析方法对环境中的PFAS及时检测十分重要。液质联用（LC-MS）和气质联用（GC-MS）等仪器分析方法是PFAS检测的常规方法，可实现高灵敏检测，但存在预处理繁琐、检测周期长和需专人操作等问题。为提高检测效率和减少检测成本，近年来，传感检测方法因具有检测速度快、预处理简便和具有现场检测的潜力等得到广泛的研究。在此背景下，总结了近年来PFAS小分子传感器、纳米传感器以及生物大分子传感器等的研究进展，并对不同传感器的特点、检测效果及存在的问题等进行了对比讨论，以期为全氟化合物传感器的设计与应用提供参考。

关键词：全/多氟烷基化合物；全氟辛酸；全氟辛烷磺酸；传感检测；化学传感器

中图分类号：O65               文献标识码：A             文章编号：0258-3283（2025）

DOI：10.13822/j.cnki.hxsj.2025.0139

Research Progress in Sensing Detection of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances BI Chao-long，ZHANG Xiao，LIANG Feng-ying，DU Yan-qing，ZHU Xiao-wei，BAI Wen-ming^*，EERDUN Chao-lu^* (Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Inner Mongolia Medical University， Hohhot 010110，China)

Abstract：Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a class of synthesized fluorinated organic compounds known for their extreme physicochemical stability, rendering them resistant to degradation through photolysis, hydrolysis, or biotransformation in the natural environments. Due to their high toxicity, PFAS pose a long-term environmental threat. Furthermore, their bioaccumulative properties allow them to build up in the human body, potentially leading to reduced immune function, liver and kidney damage, and increased risks of thyroid cancer and renal cancer. Extensive use of PFAS has led to their widespread detection in air, soil, water, flora and fauna, and even in the human body globally. Therefore, it is very important to establish a rapid and effective analytical method for the real time detection of PFAS in the environment. Conventional instrumental analysis methods such as liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) are methods for PFAS detection, provide high sensitivity for PFAS detection, but are limited by cumbersome pretreatment, long detection cycles, and the need for professional operation. In recent years, to improve detection efficiency and reduce detection costs, sensor detection methods have been widely studied due to their advantages of fast detection speed, simple pretreatment, and potential for on-site analysis. This review summarized recent advances in PFAS sensors, including small molecule sensors, nano-sensors, and biomacromolecule sensors. The features, detection effects, and existing problems of different sensors have been compared and discussed, aiming to provide references for the design and application of sensors for perfluorinated compounds.

Key words：per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances; perfluorooctanoic acid ; perfluorooctanesulfonic acid ; sensing detection; chemical sensors

三尖杉类生物碱提取分离及应用研究进展

张继东^*1a,1b，胡思佳^1a, 马倩²，常晶晶^1a，刘子翰^1a 

(1. 安康学院a.化学与环境学院陕西省富硒食品质量监督检验中心, b.界面多孔材料陕西省高等学校重点实验室，陕西 安康  725000；2.安康市质量技术检验检测中心，陕西 安康  725000)

摘要：中草药的使用十分广泛，即使在当今时代，人们仍用中草药来治疗各种不同的疾病。世界上有各种各样的药用植物，它们是潜在的药物来源。全球范围内科研工作者在天然植物资源的研究上付出了巨大努力，大量证据表明传统药用植物具有巨大的潜力。三尖杉类生物碱是一类具有独特化学结构和重要生物活性的天然产物，其具有抗肿瘤、抗炎和抗心律失常等多种潜在的药用价值。近年研究发现，三尖杉类生物碱在抑制SARS-CoV-2病毒感染方面具有更大的潜在活性和更低的毒性。然而，由于其在植物中的含量较低且结构复杂，有效地提取分离三尖类生物碱成为研究和开发利用的关键。传统的提取分离方法往往存在提取效率低、选择性差等问题，随着现代分离技术的发展，不断有新的方法被尝试应用于三尖杉生物碱的提取分离中，其对深入挖掘三尖杉类生物碱的药用潜力具有重要意义。三尖杉生物碱的全合成是有机化学领域的研究热点之一，由于其复杂的结构，全合成具有非常大的挑战性,综述了近年三尖杉类生物碱的提取分离、合成及在药理作用方面的研究进展。

关键词：三尖杉类生物碱；提取分离；全合成；药理活性；抗肿瘤

中图分类号：O65                      文献标识码：A             文章编号：0258-3283（2025）

DOI：10.13822/j.cnki.hxsj.2025.0126

Research Progress on Extraction, Separation, and Application of Cephalotaxus Fortunei  ZHANG Ji-dong^*1a,1b, HU Si-jia^1a, MA Qian², CHANG JING-jing^1a, LIU Zi-han^1a(1.a.Shaanxi Province Selenium-rich Food Quality Supervision and Inspection Center ,College of Chemistry and Environment, b. Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Porous Materials for Interface Engineering, Ankang University, Ankang 725000, China; 2. Ankang Quality Technical Inspection and Testing Center, Ankang 725000, China)

Abstract Chinese herbal medicines have been widely used for centuries, and even today they remain an important resource for treating a variety of diseases. Around the world, numerous medicinal plants serve as potential sources of pharmaceutical compounds. Global scientific researchers have made great efforts in the research of natural plant resources, and substantial evidence supports the significant therapeutic potential of traditional medicinal plants. Cephalotaxus fortunei are a class of natural products with unique chemical structures and significant biological activities, possessing multiple potential medicinal values such as anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, and anti-arrhythmic effects. In recent years, studies have revealed that Cephalotaxus alkaloids also exhibit promising inhibitory activity against SARS-CoV-2, with relative low toxicity. However, their low natural abundance and complex structures present significant challenges for efficient extraction and isolation. Traditional extraction and separation methods often suffer from low extraction efficiency and poor selectivity. With the development of modern separation technologies, novel approaches are being applied to the extraction and separation of Cephalotaxus alkaloids, which is critical for unlocking their medicinal potential. Additionally, the total synthesis of Cephalotaxus alkaloids is one of the research hotspots in the field of organic chemistry due to their complex structures, posing considerable synthetic challenges.. This article reviews the recent research progress in the extraction and separation of Cephalotaxus alkaloids and their pharmacological effects.

Key words：Cephalotaxus alkaloids; extraction and separation; total synthesis; pharmacological activity; antitumor

功能材料

华成硕^a，王菊梅^b，古增瑞^b，熊健*^b

（西藏大学a.党委（校长办公室）, b.生态环境学院，西藏 拉萨  850000）

摘要：为了研究生物炭对水中氟的吸附效果，以青稞秸秆作为原材料，采用热解法制备了不同温度处理（300、500、700℃）的原始生物炭（SBC300、SBC500、SBC700），用于吸附水中的氟。通过FTIR、SEM和BET表征分析发现，SBC500具有较大的比表面积、发育良好的孔隙和丰富的表面官能团，并且在相同条件下SBC500对F^―吸附效果最佳。采用FeCl₃•6H₂O和FeSO₄•7H₂O混合水溶液对SBC500进行浸渍改性得到Fe@SBC500。利用SBC500和Fe@SBC500开展了对水中氟的单因素吸附实验，结果表明，SBC500、Fe@SBC500吸附F^―的最优条件均为吸附温度80 ℃、吸附时间6 h、生物炭投加量10 g/L、溶液初始pH 7，在此条件下Fe@SBC500对F^―的吸附容量为3.085 mg/g，去除率为92.22%，优于SBC500的去除效果。吸附动力学结果表明，SBC500和Fe@SBC500吸附F^-的过程均更符合拟二级动力学模型，表明吸附过程由化学吸附占主导；同时，两者吸附F^-的过程均为吸热、熵增反应，温度升高有利于吸附过程的自发进行，吸附过程在固-液界面处的混乱度增大。研究结果以期为青藏高原青稞秸秆的资源化高效利用以及西藏地热水中氟的去除提供思路和参考。

关键词：青稞秸秆；生物炭；改性；氟；吸附

中图分类号：O69           文献标识码：A            文章编号：0258-3283（202*）

DOI：10.13822/j.cnki.hxsj.2025.0172

Study on the Adsorption of Fluoride in Water by Iron-Modified Barley Straw Biochar  HUA Cheng-shuo^a,WANG Ju-mei^b, GU Zeng-rui^b, XIONG Jian*^b(a. Party Committee (President's Office), b. College of Ecology and Environment, Xizang University, Lhasa 850000, China)

Abstract: To study the adsorption effect of biochar on fluoride in water, barley straw was used as the raw material, and pyrolysis was employed to prepare biochar (SBC300, SBC500, SBC700) treated at different temperatures (300℃, 500℃, 700℃) for the adsorption of fluoride in water. FTIR, SEM, and BET characterization analysis revealed that SBC500 had a large specific surface area, well-developed pores, and abundant surface functional groups. Under the same conditions, SBC500 showed the best adsorption effect for F^―. Fe@SBC500 was obtained by impregnating SBC500 with a mixed aqueous solution of FeCl₃•6H₂O and FeSO₄•7H₂O. Single-factor adsorption experiments on fluoride in water were conducted using SBC500 and Fe@SBC500. The results indicated that the optimal conditions for the adsorption of F^― by both SBC500 and Fe@SBC500 were an adsorption temperature of 80℃, an adsorption time of 6 hours, a biochar dosage of 10 g/L, and an initial solution pH of 7. Under these conditions, the adsorption capacity of Fe@SBC500 for F^― was 3.085 mg/g, with a removal efficiency of 92.22%, outperforming the removal efficiency of SBC500. The adsorption kinetics results indicated that the adsorption of F^― by SBC500 and Fe@SBC500 conformed more closely to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, suggesting that the adsorption process was dominated by chemical adsorption. Additionally, the adsorption of F^― by both materials is an endothermic, entropy-increasing reaction, and an increase in temperature favored the spontaneous occurrence of the adsorption process, with an increase in disorder at the solid-liquid interface. The research results are expected to provide ideas and references for the efficient utilization of barley straw resources on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau and the removal of fluoride from geothermal water in Xizang.

Key words: barley straw; biochar; modification; fluoride; adsorption

Zn-MOF与香豆素6掺杂材料的合成及其光捕获性能研究

孙朋涛¹，马春梅¹，葛庆¹，张钢强¹，马雅菲²，张美丽^*2

（1. 新疆宣力环保能源股份有限公司，新疆 哈密  963000；2. 延安大学 化学与化工学院，陕西延安 716000）

摘要：随着近年来材料科学的发展，太阳能作为一种清洁能源在当今世界日益重要，太阳光收集材料的研究受到广泛关注。以柔性1,3-苯基二乙酸（H₂mpda）和刚性3,5-二(三氮唑)吡啶（btyp）为配体，Zn²⁺为金属源，成功制备了一种具有（4×4）二维波浪层结构的有机金属框架[Zn(btyp)(mpda)]n·2H₂O（Zn-MOF）。通过光谱重叠检测说明Zn-MOF、香豆素6（CM6）分别作为供体、受体进行荧光共振能量转移（FRET），能够构建人工光捕获系统（ALHS）。Zn-MOF、Zn-MOF@CM6的比表面积分别为4.3、7.4 m²/g，表明了掺杂后材料的比表面积明显增大。同时Zn-MOF、Zn-MOF@CM6分别发蓝光、绿光，表明了光收集范围从紫外光波段扩展到了可见光波段。随着CM6的滴加，Zn-MOF的荧光强度逐渐减弱，CM6的荧光强度逐渐增强，完全体现了供、受体之间的荧光共振能量转移，其荧光能量转移效率Φ_ET = 47.7%。成功设计了一种高性能人工光捕获材料Zn-MOF@CM6，丰富了MOFs材料在人工光捕获系统中的应用，为太阳能利用提供新的思路。

关键词：苯二已酸；香豆素6；掺杂材料；晶体结构；能量转移效率

中图分类号：O641           文献标识码：A            文章编号：0258-3283（2025）

DOI：10.13822/j.cnki.hxsj.2025.0150

Synthesis and Light-Harvesting Performance of Zn-MOF doped with Coumarin 6  SUN Peng-tao¹, MA Chun-mei¹, GE Qing¹, ZHANG Gang-qiang¹, MA Ya-fei², ZHANG Mei-li^*2 (1.Xinjiang Shinning Environmental Protection Energy Co., LTD., Hami 963000, China; 2.College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yan’an University, Yan’an 716000, China)

Abstract: With recent advances in materials science, solar energy has gained increasing importance as a clean energy source, driving widespread research into sunlight-collecting materials. This study utilizes flexible 1,3-phenyldiacetic acid (H₂mpda) and rigid 3,5-di(triazol)pyridine (btyp) as ligands, with Zn²⁺ as the metal source, to successfully prepare the metal-organic framework [Zn(btyp)(mpda)]ₙ·2H₂O (Zn-MOF) featuring a (4×4) two-dimensional wave-layer structure. Spectral overlap analysis confirms that Zn-MOF and coumarin-6 (CM6) act as donor and acceptor, respectively, undergoing fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) to form an artificial light-harvesting system (ALHS). Specific surface area measurements show values of 4.3 m²/g for Zn-MOF and 7.4 m²/g for Zn-MOF@CM6, indicating significant enhancement upon doping. Under UV excitation, Zn-MOF emits blue light while Zn-MOF@CM6 emits green light, demonstrating an expansion of the light-harvesting range from ultraviolet to the visible spectrum. As CM6 concentration increases, the fluorescence intensity of Zn-MOF progressively decreases while CM6 emission intensifies, confirming FRET between donor and acceptor. The calculated fluorescence energy transfer efficiency (Φ_ET) reaches 47.7%. This work successfully designs a high-performance artificial light-harvesting material (Zn-MOF@CM6), expanding MOF applications in ALHS technologies and offering new pathways for solar energy utilization.

Keywords: benzoic acid; coumarin 6; doped material; crystal structure; energy transfer efficiency

分析与测试

基于MIR-ATR、MIR-TR及NIR-TR的无创血糖定量检测比较分析

曹书妍，李思瑶¹，岳岩松¹，朱思聪¹，张朱珊莹^*1，张献文^*2

 (1. 中南民族大学 生物医学工程学院，湖北 武汉  430074；2. 临沂工学院，山东 临沂  276000)

摘要：系统比较中红外衰减全反射（MIR-ATR）、中红外透射（MIR-TR）及近红外透射（NIR-TR）3种光谱技术在无创血糖定量检测中的性能差异，为临床选择高精度检测方法提供依据。实验通过配制30组梯度浓度葡萄糖仿体溶液（0.2~5 g/L）模拟人体血糖动态范围，利用3种技术采集光谱数据，并结合偏最小二乘（PLS）和主成分回归（PCR）模型，评估3种数据集划分方法（ESD、KS、SPXY）及5种预处理算法（SG、SNV、DOSC、MSC、SG_1）的优化效果。结果表明，MIR-ATR技术表现出最优预测性能，其PLS模型结合ESD数据集划分法的预测相关系数（R_p）高达0.9991，预测均方根误差（RMSEP）仅为0.0787 g/L，显著优于MIR-TR（R_p =0.9968）和NIR-TR（R_p =0.9834）。ESD划分法在MIR-ATR中效果最佳，而NIR-TR需依赖SPXY划分以抑制噪声干扰。进一步分析发现，MIR-ATR的优势主要源于其表面增强效应和指纹区特异性，能够有效放大葡萄糖分子的特征信号并抑制水分子干扰。相比之下，MIR-TR和NIR-TR因光程较长或吸收较弱，需依赖预处理算法提升信噪比。综合来看，MIR-ATR技术结合PLS模型及ESD划分法，可为无创血糖检测提供高精度解决方案。为红外光谱技术在血糖监测中的应用提供了重要参考，未来需进一步开展临床血样验证以优化实际应用效果。

关键词：中红外光谱；近红外光谱；无创血糖检测；定量分析模型；数据集划分；光谱预处理

中图分类号：O657.31         文献标识码：A             文章编号：0258-3283（2025）

DOI：10.13822/j.cnki.hxsj.2025.0113

Comparative Analysis of Non-invasive Glucose Detection Using MIR-ATR, MIR-TR，and NIR-TR Spectroscopy CAO Shu-yan¹, LI Si-yao¹, YUE Yan-song¹, ZHU Si-cong¹, ZHANG Zhu-shan-ying^*1, ZHANG Xian-wen^*2 (1. College of Biomedical Engineering, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, China; 2. Linyi Institute of Technology, Linyi 276000, China) 

Abstract：This study systematically compared the performance of mid-infrared attenuated total reflection (MIR-ATR), mid-infrared transmission (MIR-TR), and near-infrared transmission (NIR-TR) spectroscopy for non-invasive glucose quantification, aiming to identify a high accuracy method for clinical applications. Thirty glucose phantom solutions (0.2-5 g/L) were prepared to simulate physiological blood glucose levels. Spectral data were collected using all three techniques and analyzed via Partial Least Squares (PLS) and Principal Component Regression (PCR) models. the effects of three dataset partitioning methods (ESD, KS, SPXY) and five preprocessing algorithms (SG, SNV, DOSC, MSC, SG_1) were systematically evaluated. Among the methods tested, MIR-ATR combined with the PLS model and ESD partitioning achieved the highest accuracy yielding a prediction correlation coefficient (R_p) of 0.9991 and a root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) of 0.0787 g/L. This significantly outperformed MIR-TR (R_p =0.9968) and NIR-TR (R_p =0.9834). ESD partitioning was the most effective for MIR-ATR, while SPXY improved noise suppression in NIR-TR. The superior performance of MIR-ATR is attributed to its surface-enhanced effect and strong absorption in the fingerprint, which facilitates amplification of glucose-specific signals and suppression of water-related interference. In contrast, MIR-TR and NIR-TR exhibited lower intrinsic sensitivity and required more intensive preprocessing to improve signal-to-noise ratios. Overall, MIR-ATR, when combined with PLS modeling and ESD partitioning, offers a high-precision approach for non-invasive glucose detection. This study provides valuable insights for selecting infrared spectroscopy techniques in glucose monitoring. Future research should focuse on validation using real clinical samples to assess practical applicability.

Key words：mid-infrared spectroscopy; near infrared spectroscopy; non-invasive glucose detection; quantitative analysis model; dataset partitioning; spectral preprocessing

AntDAS-GCMS结合DLLME-GCMS高通量精准表征不同来源无花果提取物中的挥发性成分

仝智强，樊亚玲，何育萍，王瑶，彭军仓^*

(陕西中烟工业有限责任公司，陕西西安  721000)

摘要：天然植物提取物在食品饮料、日化产品、烟草等领域应用广泛，产品品质极易受原料产地、品种、工艺等因素影响，波动较大。如何实现高效、精准的化学成分解析是产品品质中亟待解决的一个难题。以无花果提取物为例，提出了基于AntDAS-GCMS结合Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction-Mass Spectrometry (DLLME-GCMS)实现天然植物提取物中挥发性成分解析的新策略。基于AntDAS-GCMS解析结果为导向的样本前处理条件优化有助于提升化合物提取效率，从而提高化合物覆盖度。多样本分析中的批处理分析结果表明AntDAS-GCMS能够发现不同来源无花果提取物的整体及细节差异，并实现化合物的高通量精准鉴定。最终，基于所开发的植物提取物挥发性成分高通量精准解析策略，实现了无花果中36种化合物的鉴定，涵盖了酯类（9种）、酮类（7种）、醇类（7种）、醛类（5种）、萜类（4种）、杂环类（2种）、酚类（1种）以及二肽类（1种）。不同类别化合物的峰面积总和分析表明醇类占比最高（31.8%），其次为醛类（30.3%）和酯类（25.0%）。所发展的分析策略有望为植物中挥发性成分的解析及品质监控提供新的研究思路。

关键词：植物提取物；无花果提取物；AntDAS-GCMS；DLLME-GCMS；化学计量学

中图分类号：O65     文献标识码：A             文章编号：0258-3283（2025）

DOI：10.13822/j.cnki.hxsj.2025.0166

A new Strategy for High-thoroughly and Accurately Analyzing Volatile Compound in the Extracts of Ficus carica L. by Combining AntDAS-GCMS with DLLME-GCMS  TONG Zhi-qiang, FAN Ya-ling, HE Yu-ping , WANG Yao , PENG Jun-cang (China Tobacco Shaanxi Industrial Co., Ltd., Xian 721000, China)

Abstract：The quality of natural plant extracts, widely used in the fields such as food and beverages, daily chemical products, and tobacco, exhibit significant quality fluctuations due to factors such as raw material origin, variety, and processing techniques. However, efficient and precise methodologies for characterizing the chemical composition of these extracts remain limited. In this work, we propose a new strategy that integrates AntDAS-GCMS with dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction-Mass Spectrometry (DLLME-GCMS) to comprehensively analyze volatile compounds in analyzed natural extracts of Ficus carica L. AntDAS-GCMS-guided optimization of DLLME-GCMS pretreatment conditions improved compound extraction efficiency and increased coverage. For multiple sample analysis, AntDAS-GCMS revealed both overall and detailed compositional difference among extracts from different sources, while achieving high-throughput and accurate compound identification. Using this strategy, a total of 36 compounds were identified, including esters (9), ketones (7), alcohols (7), aldehydes (5), terpenoids (4), heterocycles (2), phenols (1), and dipeptides (1). Analysis of the total peak areas of different classes of compounds showed that alcohols had the highest proportion (31.8%), followed by aldehydes (30.3%) and esters (25.0%). This strategy may provide a new solution for component resolution and quality control of natural extracts.

Key words：natural plant extracts; extracts of Ficus carica L.; AntDAS-GCMS; DLLME-GCMS; chemometrics

基于全自动多功能液相色谱-电感耦合等离子体质谱（LC-ICP-MS）联用技术快速测定包装饮用水中溴酸盐与溴离子的研究及应用

姜健^*，于雪荣，韦莹，谢继安，李飞

（安徽省疾病预防控制中心，安徽合肥  230601）

摘要：采用硝酸铵作为液相色谱（LC）流动相，结合 LC-ICP-MS 联用技术，克服传统离子色谱法测定包装饮用水中溴酸盐（BrO₃⁻）和溴离子（Br⁻）时分析周期较长和检出线较高的问题。采用硝酸铵（80 mmol/L, pH 9.0）作为流动相，优化LC-ICP-MS条件，将溴酸盐与溴离子的色谱分离时间缩短至约80 s，相比传统离子色谱法（>30 min），分析效率显著提升。方法学验证结果显示，BrO₃⁻和Br⁻在0 ~ 100 μg/L浓度范围内线性关系良好（R² > 0.9995），方法检出限（LOD）为 0.4 μg/L。加标回收率范围为 99.4% ~ 111%，相对标准偏差（RSD, n=6）均低于 3.0%。干扰实验证实，1.0 ~ 100 mg/L 的钾离子对测定无显著干扰。稳定性实验表明，在 pH 6.0 和 9.0 条件下，加标样品中的BrO₃⁻和Br⁻在30 d内保持稳定。应用该方法检测49批次包装饮用水，BrO₃⁻平均浓度为2.5 μg/L（超标率2.0%），Br⁻平均浓度为8.6 μg/L。该方法前处理简单，分析快速，适用于包装饮用水中溴酸盐与溴离子的高通量筛查，为溴酸盐风险监控及饮用水安全保障提供了灵敏可靠的技术支持。

关键词：包装饮用水；溴酸盐和溴离子；LC-ICP-MS；快速检测；饮用水安全

中图分类号：O657.99           文献标识码：A            文章编号：0258-3283（2025）

DOI：10.13822/j.cnki.hxsj.2025.0152

Study and Application of Rapid Determination of Bromate and Bromide Ions in Packaged Drinking Water Based on Fully Automated Multifunctional Liquid Chromatography-Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (LC-ICP-MS) Hyphenated Technology  JIANG Jian^*，YU Xue-rong，WEI Ying，XIE Ji-an，LI Fei（Anhui Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hefei 230601, China）

Abstract: To overcome the limitations of long analysis times and relatively high detection limits associated with traditional ion chromatography (IC) for determining bromate (BrO₃⁻) and bromide (Br⁻) in packaged drinking water, ammonium nitrate was employed as the mobile phase in liquid chromatography (LC) coupled with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Using ammonium nitrate (80 mmol/L, pH 9.0) as the mobile phase, the LC-ICP-MS conditions were optimized, achieving chromatographic separation of bromate and bromide within approximately 80 seconds, significantly improving analytical efficiency compared to traditional IC methods (>30 minutes). Method validation demonstrated excellent linearity (R² > 0.9995) for both BrO₃⁻ and Br⁻ within the concentration range of 0-100 μg/L. The method detection limit (LOD) was 0.4 μg/L. Spike recovery rates ranged from 99.4% to 111%, and relative standard deviations (RSD, n=6) were all below 3.0%. Interference experiments confirmed that potassium ions (1.0 ~ 100 mg/L) did not cause significant interference in the determination. Stability tests showed that BrO₃⁻ and Br⁻ in spiked samples remained stable for 30 days under both pH 6.0 and pH 9.0 conditions. Applying this method to 49 batches of packaged drinking water yielded an average BrO₃⁻ concentration of 2.5 μg/L (with a 2.0% exceedance rate of regulatory limits) and an average Br⁻ concentration of 8.6 μg/L. This method features simple sample preparation and rapid analysis, making it suitable for high-throughput screening of bromate and bromide in packaged drinking water. It provides a sensitive and reliable technical approach for bromate risk monitoring and drinking water safety assurance.

Key words：packaged drinking water; bromate and bromide ions; LC-ICP-MS; rapid detection; drinking water safety

合成与应用

桉烷型倍半萜衍生物的合成与生物活性评价

张振伟，谢钰航，黄红萍，邓延秋^*

（广西中医药大学 药学院 广西壮瑶药技术创新中心，广西南宁 530200）

摘要：桉烷型倍半萜类化合物是从高等植物中分离得到的一类重要的双环倍半萜天然产物。这类化合物通常表现出抗炎、抑制细胞增殖、抗疟疾、抗真菌、神经调节以及杀虫等多种生物活性。尽管桉烷型倍半萜类化合物因其显著的生物活性而备受关注，但目前绝大多数具有生物活性的桉烷型倍半萜仍主要依赖于提取分离获得，且缺乏高效的全合成方法，这在很大程度上限制了其进一步的药理研究与应用。以反式-2-戊烯醛、苯甲酰胺和百里醌为起始原料，通过Diels-Alder反应、羰基还原及糖苷化反应，成功实现了糖苷类桉烷型倍半萜衍生物的合成。利用一维和二维核磁共振波谱（1D和2D NMR）、X射线晶体分析（X-ray Crystallography）、液相色谱-质谱联用（LC-MS）以及高分辨质谱（HRMS）等现代分析技术对化合物结构进行了确证。此外，借助现代药理学检测手段，初步评估了所合成的桉烷型倍半萜糖苷类化合物对5种人癌细胞系（包括肺癌A549、前列腺癌DU145、宫颈癌Hela、肝癌HepG2和乳腺癌MCF-7）的体外抗肿瘤活性，为其在药物开发中的潜在应用提供有益参考。

关键词：桉烷型倍半萜；Diels-Alder反应；羰基还原；糖苷化；生物活性评价

中图分类号：O621.3; R914.2             文献标识码：A             文章编号：0258-3283（2025）

DOI：10.13822/j.cnki.hxsj.2025.0151

Synthesis and Bioactivity Evaluation of Eudesmane-Type Sesquiterpenoid Derivatives  Zhang Zhen-wei, Xie Yu-hang, Huang Hong-ping, Deng Yan-qiu*( Guangxi Innovation Center of Zhuang Yao Medicine,College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200,China)

Abstract: Eudesmane-type sesquiterpenoids are an important class of bicyclic sesquiterpenoid natural products isolated from higher plants. These compounds are known for their diverse biological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative, anti-malarial, anti-fungal, neuroregulatory, and insecticidal effects. Despite their significant pharmacological potential, most bioactive eudesmane-type sesquiterpenoids are still predominantly obtained via extraction and isolation from natural sources, and efficient total synthetic methods remain scarce. This limitation significantly hinders their further pharmacological studies and practical application. In this study, we successfully synthesized glycosylated eudesmane-type sesquiterpenoid derivatives starting from trans-2-pentenal, benzamide, and thymoquinone through key reactions including the Diels-Alder reaction, carbonyl reduction, and glycosylation. The structures of the synthesized compounds were rigorously characterized using advanced analytical techniques, including one-dimensional and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1D and 2D NMR), X-ray crystallography, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). Furthermore, the in vitro anti-tumor activities of the synthesized eudesmane-type sesquiterpenoid glycosides were preliminarily evaluated against five human cancer cell lines (A549 lung cancer, DU145 prostate cancer, Hela cervical cancer, HepG2 liver cancer, and MCF-7 breast cancer) using modern pharmacological detection methods. The results provide valuable insights into their potential application in drug development.

Key words：eudesmane-type sesquiterpenoids; Diels?Alder reaction; carbonyl reduction; glycosylation; bioactivity evaluation